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Heat flows naturally from a higher to a lower temperature. Heat pumps, however, are able to reverse this flow into the other direction. To be able to do so, they need a relatively small amount of external energy, usually electricity. In heat pumps, the heat transfer fluid is used as the heat transfer medium for the external circuits. The mixture of the heat transfer fluid with water transfers heat from the internal circuit to the heat pump. One example is a ground source heat pump, which is an electrically powered system that taps the stored energy of the earth. These systems use the earth's relatively constant temperature to provide heating, cooling, and hot water for homes and commercial buildings.

Typical dosage rates for Zitrec LC is 35-40 % . For Freezium we recommend Freezum -15°C or -25°C, or use Zitrec S -25°C.

Heat pumps can transfer heat from natural heat sources in the surroundings, such as the air, ground or water, or from man-made heat sources such as industrial or domestic waste, to a building or an industrial application. Heat pumps can also be used for cooling. Heat is then transferred in the opposite direction, from the application that is cooled, to surroundings at a higher temperature. Because heat pumps consume less primary energy than conventional heating systems, they are an important technology for reducing gas emissions that harm the environment.

Applications
Industrial heat pumps are mainly used for:

Space heating: Heat pumps can utilise conventional heat sources for heating of greenhouses and industrial buildings, or they can recover industrial waste heat that could not be used directly, and provide a low- to medium temperature heat that can be utilised internally or externally for space heating.
Process water heating and cooling: Many industries need warm process water in the temperature range from 40-90ºC, and often have a significant hot water demand in the same temperature range for washing, sanitation and cleaning purposes. This can be met by heat pumps. Heat pumps can also be a part of an integrated system that provides both cooling and heating.
Steam production: Industry consumes vast amounts of low-, medium- and high-pressure steam in the temperature range from 100-200ºC. Steam is used directly in industrial processes, and for heat distribution. Current high temperature heat pumps can produce steam up to 150ºC.
Drying process: Heat pumps are used extensively in industrial dehumidification and drying processes at low and moderate temperatures (maximum 100ºC). The main applications are drying of pulp and paper, various food products wood and lumber. Drying of temperature-sensitive products is also interesting. Heat pump dryers generally have high performance, and often improve the quality of the dried products as compared with traditional drying methods. Because the drying is executed in a closed system, odours from the drying of food products etc. are reduced.
Evaporation and distillation processes: Evaporation and distillation are energy-intensive processes, and most heat pumps are installed in these processes in the chemical and food industries. In evaporation processes the residue is the main product, while the vapour (distillate) is the main product in distillation processes.

Ground Source Heat pump

Heat pumps can be categorized as having closed or open loops and those loops can be installed in three ways: horizontally, vertically, or in a pond/lake. The type chosen depends on the available land areas and the soil and rock type at the installation site. For closed loop systems, heat transfer fluid circulates through plastic pipes buried beneath the earth's surface. During the winter, the fluid collects heat from the earth and carries it through the system and into the building. During the summer, the system reverses itself to cool the building by pulling heat from the building, carrying it through the system and placing it in the ground. This process creates free hot water in the summer and delivers substantial hot water savings in the winter.

‘Clean’ heating

Residential heating by heat pumps is supported in some countries by the governments as a step towards higher energy efficiency and a reduction in “dirty” heating, e.g. with local oil/coal burners. It is important that you verify with local legislation which fluids are allowed for this application. For instance, in Germany the WGK-classification (Wassergefährdungsklasse) required is 0. Our MEG-based heat transfer fluid Zitrec MC, as a concentrate has WGK 1, but the diluted product however does result in WGK 0. Nevertheless, there is a trend to ban all MEG-based products for this application. Therefore, we recommend for this application the use of our MPG-based Zitrec L or brine-based products Zitrec S or Freezium.

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